2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. Thyroid Hormone Receptor

Thyroid Hormone Receptor

THR

Thyroid Hormone Receptor

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Thyroid hormone receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus. Thyroid hormone receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors that mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone (T3). Thyroid hormone receptors are encoded by two genes, one for TRα and another for TRβ, which encode the major isoforms of TR, including TRα1, TRα2, TRβ1, and TRβ2. The thyroid hormone receptors mediate the pleiotropic activities of the thyroid hormone (T3) in growth, development, and differentiation and in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

Thyroid hormone receptors are zinc finger transcription factors in the erbA superfamily that bind DNA at specific response element sequences (thyroid hormone response elements, TREs) and activate gene expression in response to thyroid hormone (T3). Thyroid hormone receptors have been shown to bind DNA as monomers, homodimers, or heterodimers with another erbA superfamily member, the retinoid X receptor (RXR).

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-P2426
    (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine)
    		Antagonist 99.70%
    (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) is a potent and competitive antagonist of parathyroid hormone (PTH), with a Ki of 69 nM in bovine renal cortical membrane. (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine) can be used for growth and development regulation.
    (D-Trp12,Tyr34)-pTH (7-34) amide (bovine)
  • HY-A0070AR
    Liothyronine (Standard)
    		Activator
    Liothyronine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Liothyronine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Liothyronine is an active form of thyroid hormone. Liothyronine is a potent thyroid hormone receptors TRα and TRβ agonist with Kis of 2.33 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.
    Liothyronine (Standard)
  • HY-P3075
    pTH-Related Protein (1-34) (human,mouse,rat)
    		98.69%
    pTH-Related Protein (1-34) (human, mouse, rat), a fragment of parathyroid hormone-related protein, is an anabolic agent. pTH-Related Protein (1-34) (human, mouse, rat) can be used for postmenopausal osteoporosis study.
    pTH-Related Protein (1-34) (human,mouse,rat)
  • HY-111443
    TR antagonist 1
    		Antagonist 99.49%
    TR antagonist 1 is a high-affinity thyroid hormone receptor (TR) antagonist with IC50s of 36 and 22 nM for TRα and TRβ, respectively.
    TR antagonist 1
  • HY-120026
    KB130015
    		Inhibitor 98.45%
    KB130015 (KB015) is an orally active and potent ThRα and ThRβ (thyroid hormone receptor) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 4.5 and 5.1 μM, respectively. KB130015 markedly slows the kinetics of inactivation of Na+ channels. KB130015 activates hERG1 channels (EC50 = 12.2 μM) and large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels formed by hSlo1 (α) subunits in HEK 293 cells. KB130015 has antiarrhythmic properties. KB130015 can be used for the study of cardiovascular disease.
    KB130015
  • HY-B1234
    Octinoxate
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    Octinoxate (Octyl methoxycinnamate) is a thyroid hormone receptor agonist, reducing the levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and transcription levels of genes related to type II deiodinase (deio2) in Japanese Medaka. Octinoxate is commonly used as a safe ultraviolet (UV) filter used in the aquatic environment. Octinoxate inhibits CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 to regulate hyaluronan (HA) (HY-B0633A) metabolism in a PI3K pathway-dependent manner in human keratinocytes. Octinoxate also exhibits an anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic effect in vitro and in vivo.
    Octinoxate
  • HY-18341A
    L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate
    		99.91%
    L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone for the research of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active thyroid hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).
    L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate
  • HY-111288
    MB-07811
    		Agonist 99.75%
    MB-07811 (VK-2809) is an orally active HepDirect prodrug of MB07344, a liver-targeted thyroid hormone receptor-β agonist. MB-07811 has cholesterol and triglycerides lowering activity.
    MB-07811
  • HY-P0002
    Protirelin
    		Activator 99.98%
    Protirelin is a highly conserved neuropeptide that exerts the hormonal control of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as well as neuromodulatory functions.
    Protirelin
  • HY-101406
    Thyroxine sulfate
    		98.49%
    Thyroxine sulfate is a thyroid hormone metabolite.
    Thyroxine sulfate
  • HY-W011927S
    4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol-d8
    		Agonist 99.21%
    4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol-d8 (Bisphenol S (4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol)-d8) is the deuterium labeled 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol (HY-W011927).4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol (Bisphenol S; Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone), a substitute for Bisphenol A (HY-18260), is widely used in industrial and consumer products. 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol is an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist and can competitively bind to thyroid hormone receptors (TR) with IC50 values for TRα and TRβ are 2650 μM and 2294 μM respectively, thereby affecting breast development and reducing the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in fetal testes. 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol promotes the progression of glioblastoma by upregulating the EZH2 mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Under chronic exposure, 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol can cause significant lipid deposition and dyslipidemia in the mouse liver by upregulating JunB and Atf3, and has a role in causing obesity at low doses. 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol induces intestinal inflammation by altering the intestinal microbiome. 4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in zebrafish embryo larvae.
    4,4'-Sulfonyldiphenol-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-106608
    Glutaurine
    Glutaurine containing glutamine and taurine residues is an orally active hormone of the parathyroid. Glutaurine, as a hormone, is isolated from parathyroid gland oxyphil cells. Glutaurine can be used for the research of antiepileptic and anti-amnesia.
    Glutaurine
  • HY-A0070R
    Liothyronine sodium (Standard)
    		Activator
    Liothyronine (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Liothyronine (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Liothyronine sodium is an active form of thyroid hormone. Liothyronine sodium is a potent thyroid hormone receptors TRα and TRβ agonist with Kis of 2.33 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.
    Liothyronine sodium (Standard)
  • HY-126236
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid
    		Modulator 99.20%
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid is a thyroid hormone analog, induces α-myosin heavy chain mRNA expression, binds to thyroid hormone receptor (TR), with Ka of 2.40 and 4.06 M-1 for TRα1 and TRβ1, respectively. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid promotes angiogenesis in 3-D human dermal microvascular endothelial cell sprouting assay. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid prevents myocardial arteriolar loss in thyroidectomized rats and enhances cardiac energy-generating capacity in postinfarction heart failure rats. 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic can be used in studies related to angiogenesis and heart failure.
    3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid
  • HY-P4823
    pTH (1-37) (human)
    		99.91%
    pTH (1-37) (human) is a fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH). pTH (1-37) (human) induces the cAMP formation and increases alkaline phosphatase activity. pTH (1-37) (human) increases growth, bone calcium content, and bone mineral density (BMD) in uremic animals. pTH (1-37) (human) has the potential for the research of osteoporosis.
    pTH (1-37) (human)
  • HY-18341R
    L-Thyroxine (Standard)
    L-Thyroxine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Thyroxine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Thyroxine (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone for the research of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active thyroid hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).
    L-Thyroxine (Standard)
  • HY-114271A
    T3-ATA (S-isomer)
    		99.50%
    T3-ATA S-isomer is the S-isomer of T3-ATA, which is the active form of the thyroid hormone.
    T3-ATA (S-isomer)
  • HY-18341F1
    Biotin-hexanamide-(L-Thyroxine)
    		Agonist 98.04%
    Biotin-hexanamide-(L-Thyroxine) is biotinylated L-Thyroxine (HY-18341). L-Thyroxine (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone for the research of hypothyroidism.
    Biotin-hexanamide-(L-Thyroxine)
  • HY-127024
    Thyroid hormone receptor antagonist (1-850)
    		Antagonist 99.04%
    Thyroid hormone receptor antagonist (1-850) is a competitive, selective and high-affinity thyroid hormone receptor (TR) antagonist with an IC50 of 1.5 μM for antagonizing the effect of T3 on TR. Thyroid hormone receptor antagonist (1-850) blocks T3-mediated interaction of TRα and TRβ with nuclear receptor coactivator. Thyroid hormone receptor antagonist (1-850) has no effect on the activity of RARα.
    Thyroid hormone receptor antagonist (1-850)
  • HY-W010669
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate
    		99.49%
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone in the treatment of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).
    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity